Roman Numeral Converter
Convert a number to Roman numerals, or Roman numerals back to a number.
Last updated
How to convert Roman numerals
- Type a number such as
1994, or Roman numerals such asMCMXCIV. - Click Number → Roman or Roman → Number.
- Click Copy result.
About this tool
Standard Roman numerals use seven symbols (I, V, X, L, C, D, M) combined additively, with a subtractive shorthand for four cases in each order of magnitude (IV instead of IIII, IX instead of VIIII, and so on for X/C and C/M). This tool supports the standard range of 1–3999 — beyond that, Roman numerals traditionally need a special overline notation (multiplying a symbol by 1,000) that has no reliable plain-text representation.
"Roman → Number" validates that the input is well-formed standard notation, not just any combination of the seven letters — IIII or VX, for example, are rejected as invalid rather than silently guessed at. Nothing you enter here is sent to a server — the entire tool runs as JavaScript in your browser tab.
Questions about Roman numerals
What is 2026 in Roman numerals?
MMXXVI, made of MM for 2000, XX for 20 and VI for 6.
What do the Roman numeral letters stand for?
I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1000.
Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?
A smaller numeral before a larger one is subtracted: IV is 5 − 1, IX is 9, XL is 40, XC is 90, CD is 400 and CM is 900.
What is the largest number it can convert?
3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Larger numbers need a bar over the letters, which plain text can’t show reliably.